Umahluko phakathi kwe-asynchronous kunye ne-synchronous motors

1. Umgaqo osebenzayo:
Umgaqo wokusebenza we-asynchronous motor usekwe kumgaqo wokusebenza we-motor induction. Xa i-rotor ye-asynchronous motor ichaphazelekayo yintsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo, i-current induced current ikhiqizwa kwi-motor induction motor, eyenza i-torque, ebangela ukuba i-rotor iqale ukujikeleza. Lo msinga owenziweyo ubangelwa yintshukumo ehambelanayo phakathi kwe-rotor kunye nentsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo. Ke ngoko, isantya se-rotor se-asynchronous motor siya kuhlala sisezantsi kancinci kunesantya semagnethi ejikelezayo, yiyo loo nto ibizwa ngokuba yi "asynchronous" motor.
Umgaqo wokusebenza we-synchronous motor usekwe kumgaqo wokusebenza we-synchronous motor. Isantya se-rotor se-synchronous motor sidityaniswa ngqo kunye nesantya semagnethi ejikelezayo, kungoko igama elithi "synchronous" motor. Iinjini ze-synchronous zivelisa indawo ejikelezayo yamagnetic ngokutshintshana kwangoku okudityaniswa nonikezelo lwamandla lwangaphandle, ukuze i-rotor ikwazi ukujikeleza ngokuhambelanayo. Iimotor ze-synchronous zihlala zifuna izixhobo zangaphandle ukugcina i-rotor idityaniswe nentsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo, njengemisinga yasendle okanye imagnethi esisigxina.

2. Iimpawu zesakhiwo:
Isakhiwo se-asynchronous motor silula kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo siqukethe i-stator kunye ne-rotor. Kukho amajiko amathathu kwi-stator asuswa ngombane ngamadigri angama-120 ukusuka komnye nomnye ukuvelisa intsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo ngokutshintshana kwangoku. Kwi-rotor ngokuqhelekileyo isakhiwo esilula somqhubi wobhedu esenza intsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo kwaye ivelise i-torque.
Ubume be-synchronous motor bunzima, ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya i-stator, i-rotor kunye ne-excitation system. Inkqubo yokuvuselela inokuba ngumthombo wamandla we-DC okanye imagnethi esisigxina, esetyenziselwa ukuvelisa indawo ejikelezayo yamagnetic. Kukho kwakhona ngokuqhelekileyo i-windings kwi-rotor ukufumana indawo yamagnetic eyenziwe yinkqubo yokuvuselela kunye nokuvelisa i-torque.

3. Iimpawu zesantya:
Ekubeni isantya se-rotor se-asynchronous motor sihlala sincinci kunesantya se-magnetic field ejikelezayo, isantya saso sitshintsha kunye nobukhulu bomthwalo. Ngaphantsi komthwalo olinganisiweyo, isantya sawo siya kuba ngaphantsi kancinci kunesantya esilinganisiweyo.
Isantya se-rotor ye-synchronous motor ihambelana ngokupheleleyo kunye nesantya sentsimi yamagnetic ejikelezayo, ngoko isantya sayo sihlala sihlala kwaye asichaphazeli ubungakanani bomthwalo. Oku kunika iinjini ze-synchronous inzuzo kwizicelo apho kufuneka ulawulo lwesantya oluchanekileyo.

4. Indlela yokulawula:
Ekubeni isantya se-asynchronous motor sichatshazelwa ngumthwalo, izixhobo zokulawula ezongezelelweyo zihlala zifunwa ukufezekisa ulawulo oluchanekileyo. Iindlela zokulawula eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya ukulawulwa kwesantya sokuguqulwa kwamaza kunye nokuqala okuthambileyo.
Iinjini ze-synchronous zinesantya esingaguqukiyo, ngoko ke ukulawula kulula. Ulawulo lwesantya lunokufezekiswa ngokulungelelanisa i-excitation yangoku okanye amandla ombane wemagnethi esisigxina.

5. Iindawo zesicelo:
Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esilula, ixabiso eliphantsi, kunye nokufaneleka kokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphezulu kunye ne-torque ephezulu, ii-asynchronous motors zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiindawo zoshishino, ezifana nokuveliswa kwamandla omoya, iimpompo, abalandeli, njl.
Ngenxa yesantya esiqhubekayo kunye namandla okulawula achanekileyo, ii-motor synchronous zifanelekile kwizicelo ezifuna ukulawulwa kwesantya esichanekileyo, njengejeneretha, i-compressors, amabhanti okuhambisa, njl. kwiinkqubo zamandla.

Ngokubanzi, ii-asynchronous motors kunye ne-synchronous motors zineeyantlukwano ezicacileyo kwimigaqo yazo yokusebenza, iimpawu zesakhiwo, iimpawu zesantya, iindlela zokulawula kunye nemimandla yesicelo. Ukuqonda lo mahluko kunokunceda ekukhetheni uhlobo lwemoto olufanelekileyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zobunjineli.

Umbhali: uSharon