Iimoto zamandla ombane ezisebenzisa umbane ngqo (DC) kunye neemoto ezitshintshanayo (AC) ziintlobo ezimbini zeemoto zombane ezisetyenziswa rhoqo. Ngaphambi kokuba sixoxe ngomahluko phakathi kwezi ntlobo zimbini, masiqale siqonde ukuba zeziphi.
Imoto ye-DC ngumatshini wombane ojikelezayo onokuguqula amandla ombane abe ngamandla oomatshini (ukujikeleza). Ingasetyenziswa njengejenereyitha eguqula amandla oomatshini (ukujikeleza) abe ngamandla ombane (DC). Xa imoto ye-DC iqhutywa ngumbane othe ngqo, idala intsimi yemagnethi kwi-stator yayo (inxalenye engashukumiyo yemoto). Intsimi itsala kwaye igxotha iimagnethi kwi-rotor (inxalenye ejikelezayo yemoto). Oku kubangela ukuba i-rotor ijikeleze. Ukuze igcine i-rotor ijikeleza rhoqo, i-commutator, eyiswitshi yombane ejikelezayo isebenzisa umbane kwii-windings. I-torgue ejikelezayo engaguqukiyo iveliswa ngokuguqula icala le-currents kwi-winding ejikelezayo nganye isiqingatha.
Iimoto zeDC ziyakwazi ukulawula isantya sazo ngokuchanekileyo, nto leyo eyimfuneko kumatshini oomatshini bemizi-mveliso. Iimoto zeDC ziyakwazi ukuqala, ukuma nokubuyela umva ngoko nangoko. Le yinto ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni ukusebenza kwezixhobo zemveliso. Ngale ndlela ilandelayo,i-XBD-4070yenye yeemoto zethu zeDC ezidumileyo.
Ngokufanayo nemoto ye-DC, i-rotor etshintshanayo (AC) igquma amandla ombane abe ngamandla oomatshini (ukujikeleza). Ingasetyenziswa njengejenereyitha eguqula amandla oomatshini (ukuvota) abe ngamandla ombane (AC).
Ngokuyintloko iimoto ze-AC zahlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezimbini. Imoto ehambelanayo kunye nemoto engahambelaniyo. Eyokugqibela inokuba yi-single phase okanye i-phase ezintathu. Kwimoto ye-AC, kukho iringi yee-copper windings (ezenza i-stator), ezenzelwe ukuvelisa intsimi yemagnethi ejikelezayo. Njengoko ii-windings ziqhutywa ngamandla ombane e-AC, intsimi yemagnethi, ezivelisa phakathi kwazo zibangela umsinga kwi-rotor (inxalenye ejikelezayo). Lo msinga obangelwayo uvelisa intsimi yawo yemagnethi, echasene nentsimi yemagnethi evela kwi-stator. Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwala macandelo mabini kubangela ukuba i-rotor ijikeleze. Kwimoto engahambelaniyo kukho umsantsa phakathi kwezo santya zimbini. Uninzi lwezixhobo zombane zasekhaya zisebenzisa ii-AC motors kuba umbane ovela ezindlini ngumbane otshintshanayo (AC).
Umahluko phakathi kwemoto yeDC kunye ne-AC:
● Izixhobo zombane zahlukile. Ngelixa iimoto zeDC ziqhutywa ngumbane othe ngqo, iimoto zeAC ziqhutywa ngumbane otshintshanayo.
● Kwiimoto ze-AC, i-armature ayitshintshi ngelixa i-magnetic field ijikeleza. Kwiimoto ze-DC i-armature iyajikeleza kodwa i-magnetic fields ihlala ingatshintshi.
● Iimoto zeDC zinokufikelela kulawulo oluthambileyo nolunoqoqosho ngaphandle kwezixhobo ezongezelelweyo. Ulawulo lwesantya lufezekiswa ngokunyusa okanye ukunciphisa i-voltage yokufaka. Iimoto ze-AC ziphinda zisebenzise izixhobo zokuguqula amaza ukutshintsha isantya.
Iingenelo zeemoto ze-AC ziquka:
● Iimfuno zamandla okuqalisa ezisezantsi
● Ulawulo olungcono lokuqalisa amanqanaba angoku kunye nokukhawulezisa
● Ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso ngokubanzi kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zoqwalaselo kunye nokutshintsha kwesantya kunye neemfuno ze-torque
● Ukuqina okungcono kunye nobude bexesha
Iingenelo zeemoto zeDC ziquka:
● Iimfuno ezilula zokufakela nokulungisa
● Amandla aphezulu okuqalisa kunye ne-torque
● Amaxesha okuphendula akhawulezayo okuqala/okumisa kunye nokukhawulezisa
● Uhlobo olubanzi lweemfuno ezahlukeneyo ze-voltage
Umzekelo, ukuba unefeni yombane yasekhaya, kusenokwenzeka ukuba isebenzisa i-AC motor kuba iqhagamshela ngqo kumthombo wamandla we-AC wekhaya lakho, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye ingabi nalondolozo luninzi. Izithuthi zombane, kwelinye icala, zinokusebenzisa ii-DC motors kuba zifuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwesantya semoto kunye ne-torque ukuze zibonelele ngamava okuqhuba athambileyo kunye nokukhawulezisa okuhle.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Epreli-01-2024