Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kweekhethini zombane ezikrelekrele kuqhutywa kukujikeleza kwee-micro motors. Ekuqaleni, ii-AC motors zazisetyenziswa kakhulu, kodwa ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe, ii-DC motors ziye zasetyenziswa kakhulu ngenxa yeenzuzo zazo. Ngoko ke, zithini iingenelo zee-DC motors ezisetyenziswa kwiikhethini zombane? Zithini iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokulawula isantya?
Iikhethini zombane zisebenzisa iimoto ezincinci ze-DC ezixhotyiswe ngee-gear reducers, ezibonelela nge-torque ephezulu kunye nesantya esiphantsi. Ezi moto zinokuqhuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeekhethini ngokusekelwe kwiireyithingi ezahlukeneyo zokunciphisa. Iimoto eziqhelekileyo ze-micro DC kwiikhethini zombane ziimoto ezixutyiweyo kunye neemoto ezingenamabhrashi. Iimoto ze-DC ezixutyiweyo zinezibonelelo ezifana ne-torque ephezulu yokuqalisa, ukusebenza kakuhle, ixabiso eliphantsi, kunye nolawulo lwesantya olulula. Iimoto ze-DC ezingenamabhrashi, kwelinye icala, ziqhayisa ngobomi obude kunye namanqanaba aphantsi engxolo, kodwa ziza neendleko eziphezulu kunye neendlela zokulawula ezintsonkothileyo. Ngenxa yoko, iikhethini ezininzi zombane kwimarike zisebenzisa iimoto ezixutyiweyo.
Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zoLawulo lwesantya kwiiMoto zeMicro DC kwiiKheteni zoMbane:
1. Xa kulungiswa isantya semoto ye-DC yekhethini lombane ngokunciphisa i-voltage ye-armature, kufuneka umbane we-DC olawulwayo kwisekethe ye-armature. Ukumelana kwesekethe ye-armature kunye nesekethe yokuvuselela kufuneka kuncitshiswe. Njengoko i-voltage incipha, isantya semoto ye-DC yekhethini lombane siya kuncipha ngokufanayo.
2. Ulawulo lwesantya ngokungenisa ukumelana nochungechunge kwisekethe ye-armature yemoto ye-DC. Okukhona ukumelana nochungechunge kukhulu, kokukhona iimpawu zoomatshini zibuthathaka, kwaye kokukhona isantya singazinzi. Ngesantya esiphantsi, ngenxa yokumelana nochungechunge okubalulekileyo, amandla amaninzi ayalahleka, kwaye amandla aphumayo aphantsi. Uluhlu lolawulo lwesantya luchaphazeleka ngumthwalo, oko kuthetha ukuba imithwalo eyahlukeneyo ibangela iziphumo ezahlukeneyo zolawulo lwesantya.
3. Ulawulo lwesantya semagnethi olubuthathaka. Ukuthintela ukugcwala okugqithisileyo kwesekethe yemagnethi kwimoto yeDC yekhethini lombane, ulawulo lwesantya kufuneka lusebenzise imagnethi ebuthathaka endaweni yemagnethi enamandla. I-voltage ye-armature yemoto yeDC igcinwa kwixabiso layo elilinganiselweyo, kwaye ukumelana nochungechunge kwisekethe ye-armature kuyancitshiswa. Ngokwandisa ukumelana kwesekethe ye-excitation Rf, i-excitation current kunye ne-magnetic flux ziyancitshiswa, ngaloo ndlela kwandisa isantya semoto yeDC yekhethini lombane kwaye kuthambise iimpawu zoomatshini. Nangona kunjalo, xa isantya sisanda, ukuba i-torque yomthwalo ihlala kwixabiso elilinganiselweyo, amandla emoto anokudlula amandla alinganiselweyo, okubangela ukuba imoto isebenze ngokugqithisileyo, into engavumelekanga. Ke ngoko, xa ulungisa isantya ngemagnethi ebuthathaka, i-torque yomthwalo iya kuncipha ngokufanayo njengoko isantya semoto sisanda. Le yindlela yokulawula isantya samandla rhoqo. Ukuthintela i-motor rotor winding ukuba ichitheke kwaye yonakale ngenxa yamandla amakhulu e-centrifugal, kubalulekile ukuba ungadluli umda wesantya ovunyelweyo wemoto yeDC xa usebenzisa ulawulo lwesantya se-magnetic field olubuthathaka.
4. Kwinkqubo yokulawula isantya semoto yeDC yekhethini lombane, eyona ndlela ilula yokufumana ulawulo lwesantya kukutshintsha ukumelana kwisekethe ye-armature. Le ndlela yeyona ilula, ingabizi kakhulu, kwaye iluncedo ekulawuleni isantya sekhethini lombane.
Ezi ziimpawu kunye neendlela zokulawula isantya zeemoto zeDC ezisetyenziswa kwiikhethini zombane.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-22-2025