Kukho iintlobo ezine zeimoto ye-automation yemizi-mvelisoimithwalo:

1, Amandla ehashe ahlengahlengiswayo kunye ne-torque engaguqukiyo: Amandla ehashe aguquguqukayo kunye ne-torque engaguqukiyo ziquka ii-conveyors, ii-cranes kunye neepompo zegiya. Kwezi zicelo, i-torque ayiguquki kuba umthwalo awuguquki. Amandla ehashe afunekayo anokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo, nto leyo eyenza isantya esingaguqukiyo see-AC kunye nee-DC motors zibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo.

2, I-torque eguquguqukayo kunye ne-horsepower engaguqukiyo: Umzekelo we-torque eguquguqukayo kunye ne-horsepower engaguqukiyo yiphepha lokubuyisela umva lomatshini. Isantya sezinto sihlala sifana, oko kuthetha ukuba i-horsepower ayitshintshi. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko ububanzi bomqulu bukhula, umthwalo uyatshintsha. Kwiinkqubo ezincinci, esi sisicelo esihle seIimoto zeDCokanye iimoto ze-servo. Amandla okuvuselela nawo ayinto ebalulekileyo kwaye kufuneka aqwalaselwe xa kumiselwa ubungakanani bemoto yemizi-mveliso okanye kukhethwa indlela yokulawula amandla. Iimoto ze-AC ezineekhowudi, ulawulo oluvaliweyo, kunye nee-full-quadrant drives zinokunceda iinkqubo ezinkulu.

3, amandla ehashe ahlengahlengiswayo kunye ne-torque: iifeni, iipompo ze-centrifugal kunye nee-agitators zifuna amandla ehashe aguquguqukayo kunye ne-torque. Njengoko isantya semoto yemizi-mveliso sisanda, imveliso yomthwalo nayo iyanda ngamandla ehashe kunye ne-torque efunekayo. Olu hlobo lwemithwalo kulapho ingxoxo yokusebenza kakuhle kwemoto iqala khona, ngee-inverters ezilayisha ii-AC motors zisebenzisa ii-variable speed drives (VSDs).

4, ulawulo lwendawo okanye ulawulo lwe-torque: Izicelo ezifana nee-linear drives, ezifuna intshukumo echanekileyo kwiindawo ezininzi, zifuna ulawulo lwe-tight position okanye i-torque, kwaye zihlala zifuna impendulo ukuqinisekisa indawo echanekileyo yemoto. Iimoto zeServo okanye ze-stepper zezona zikhetho zilungileyo kwezi zicelo, kodwa iimoto zeDC ezineemoto ze-AC ezifakwe impendulo okanye i-inverter ezinee-encoders zisetyenziswa rhoqo kwimigca yemveliso yentsimbi okanye yephepha kunye nezicelo ezifanayo.

 

Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemoto zoshishino

Nangona kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-36 zeIimoto ze-AC/DCezisetyenziswa kwizicelo zoshishino. Nangona kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeemoto, kukho ukudibana okukhulu kwizicelo zoshishino, kwaye imakethi iye yatyhalela phambili ekwenzeni lula ukukhethwa kweemoto. Oku kunciphisa ukhetho olusebenzayo lweemoto kwizicelo ezininzi. Iintlobo ezintandathu zeemoto eziqhelekileyo, ezifanelekileyo kwizicelo ezininzi, ziimoto zeDC ezingenamabhulashi kunye nebrashi, iimoto ze-AC squirrel cage kunye ne-winding rotor, iimoto ze-servo kunye ne-stepper. Ezi ntlobo zeemoto zifanelekile kwizicelo ezininzi, ngelixa ezinye iintlobo zisetyenziselwa izicelo ezikhethekileyo kuphela.

 

Iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeimoto yemizi-mvelisoizicelo

Iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zeemoto zemizi-mveliso zisantya esingaguqukiyo, isantya esiguquguqukayo, kunye nolawulo lwendawo (okanye i-torque). Iimeko ezahlukeneyo ze-automation yemizi-mveliso zifuna usetyenziso kunye neengxaki ezahlukeneyo kunye neeseti zazo zeengxaki. Umzekelo, ukuba isantya esiphezulu singaphantsi kwesantya sereferensi yemoto, kufuneka i-gearbox. Oku kukwavumela imoto encinci ukuba isebenze ngesantya esisebenzayo. Nangona kukho ulwazi oluninzi kwi-intanethi malunga nendlela yokumisela ubungakanani bemoto, kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka abasebenzisi baziqwalasele kuba zininzi iinkcukacha ekufuneka baziqwalasele. Ukubala i-inertia yomthwalo, i-torque, kunye nesantya kufuna umsebenzisi ukuba aqonde iiparameter ezifana nobunzima kunye nobukhulu (i-radius) yomthwalo, kunye nokungqubana, ukulahleka kwe-gearbox, kunye nomjikelo womatshini. Utshintsho kumthwalo, isantya sokukhawulezisa okanye ukucotha, kunye nomjikelo womsebenzi wesicelo nazo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe, kungenjalo iimoto zemizi-mveliso zinokutshisa kakhulu. Iimoto ze-ac induction zikhetho oludumileyo kwizicelo zokuhamba kwemizi-mveliso. Emva kokukhetha nobungakanani bohlobo lwemoto, abasebenzisi kufuneka baqwalasele izinto ezingqongileyo kunye neentlobo zezindlu zeemoto, ezifana nezicelo zokuhlamba iifreyimu ezivulekileyo kunye nezindlu zentsimbi engagqwaliyo.

Indlela yokukhetha injini yezimboni

Iingxaki ezintathu eziphambili zeimoto yemizi-mvelisoukhetho

1. Ii-apps zesantya esiqhubekayo?

Kwizicelo zesantya esingaguqukiyo, imoto idla ngokusebenza ngesantya esifanayo ngaphandle kokuqwalasela kakhulu okanye akukho kwaphela iindlela zokukhawulezisa kunye nokuthomalalisa. Olu hlobo lwesicelo ludla ngokusebenza kusetyenziswa ulawulo olupheleleyo lokuvula/ukuvala. Isekethe yokulawula idla ngokuba ne-fuse yesekethe yesebe ene-contactor, i-overload industrial motor starter, kunye ne-manual motor controller okanye i-soft starter. Zombini ii-AC kunye ne-DC motors zifanelekile kwizicelo zesantya esingaguqukiyo. Ii-Dc motors zinika i-torque epheleleyo ngesantya esingaguqukiyo kwaye zinesiseko esikhulu sokufakela. Ii-AC motors nazo zilukhetho olufanelekileyo kuba zinamandla aphezulu kwaye azifuni ukugcinwa kangako. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iimpawu zokusebenza eziphezulu ze-servo okanye i-stepper motor ziya kuthathwa njengezigqithisileyo kwisicelo esilula.

2. Usetyenziso lwesantya esiguquguqukayo?

Usetyenziso lwesantya esiguquguqukayo ludla ngokufuna utshintsho oluncinci lwesantya kunye nesantya, kunye neendlela ezichaziweyo zokukhawulezisa kunye nokunciphisa isantya. Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, ukunciphisa isantya seemoto zoshishino, ezifana neefeni kunye neepompo ze-centrifugal, kudla ngokwenziwa ukuphucula ukusebenza ngokufanisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla nomthwalo, endaweni yokusebenza ngesantya esipheleleyo kunye nokuthomalalisa okanye ukuthintela imveliso. Ezi zibaluleke kakhulu ukuba ziqwalaselwe kwizicelo zokuhambisa ezifana nemigca yebhotile. Udibaniso lweemoto ze-AC kunye ne-VFDS lusetyenziswa kakhulu ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye lusebenza kakuhle kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zesantya esiguquguqukayo. Zombini iimoto ze-AC kunye ne-DC ezineedrive ezifanelekileyo zisebenza kakuhle kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezicelo zesantya esiguquguqukayo. Iimoto ze-Dc kunye noqwalaselo lweedrive bezisoloko zilukhetho olulodwa lweemoto zesantya esiguquguqukayo, kwaye izinto zazo ziye zaphuhliswa kwaye zavavanywa. Kwanangoku, iimoto ze-DC zithandwa kwisantya esiguquguqukayo, usetyenziso lwamandla ehashe oluqhekezayo kwaye ziluncedo kwizicelo zesantya esiphantsi kuba zinokubonelela nge-torque epheleleyo kwisantya esiphantsi kunye ne-torque engaguqukiyo kwisantya seemoto zoshishino ezahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukugcinwa kweemoto ze-DC yingxaki ekufuneka iqwalaselwe, njengoko ezininzi zifuna ukutshintshwa ngeebrashi kwaye zigugile ngenxa yokudibana neendawo ezihambayo. Iimoto zeDC ezingenamabhrashi ziyayisusa le ngxaki, kodwa zibiza kakhulu ngaphambili kwaye uluhlu lweemoto zemizi-mveliso ezikhoyo luncinci. Ukuguguleka kwebhrashi akuyongxaki ngeemoto ze-AC induction, ngelixa ii-variable frequency drives (VFDS) zibonelela ngokhetho oluluncedo kwizicelo ezidlula i-1 HP, ezifana neefeni kunye nokupompa, okunokunyusa ukusebenza. Ukukhetha uhlobo lwedrive oluza kuqhuba imoto yemizi-mveliso kunokongeza ulwazi oluthile malunga nendawo. I-encoder ingongezwa kwimoto ukuba usetyenziso luyifuna, kwaye i-drive ingachazwa ukuba isebenzise impendulo ye-encoder. Ngenxa yoko, olu seto lunokubonelela ngesantya esifana ne-servo.

3. Ngaba udinga ulawulo lwesikhundla?

Ulawulo oluqinileyo lwendawo lufezekiswa ngokuqinisekisa rhoqo indawo yemoto njengoko ihamba. Izicelo ezifana nokubeka ii-linear drives zingasebenzisa ii-stepper motors ezine-feedback okanye ezingenazo ii-servo motors ezine-feedback okanye ezingenazo ii-servo motors ezine-feedback. I-stepper ihamba ngokuchanekileyo kwindawo ethile ngesantya esiphakathi ize ibambe loo ndawo. Inkqubo ye-Open loop stepper inika ulawulo olunamandla lwendawo ukuba ilinganiswe ngokufanelekileyo. Xa kungekho feedback, i-stepper iya kuhambisa inani elichanekileyo lamanyathelo ngaphandle kokuba idibana nokuphazamiseka komthwalo ngaphaya komthamo wayo. Njengoko isantya kunye nokuguquguquka kwesicelo kusanda, ulawulo lwe-open-loop stepper lusenokungahlangabezani neemfuno zenkqubo, efuna ukuphuculwa kwinkqubo ye-stepper okanye ye-servo motor ene-feedback. Inkqubo ye-closed-loop inika iiprofayili zentshukumo ezichanekileyo, ezinesantya esiphezulu kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo lwendawo. Iinkqubo ze-Servo zibonelela ngee-torque eziphezulu kune-steppers ngesantya esiphezulu kwaye zisebenza ngcono kwimithwalo enamandla okanye kwizicelo zentshukumo ezinzima. Kwintshukumo ephezulu yokusebenza kunye ne-overshoot ephantsi yesikhundla, i-reflective load inertia kufuneka ihambelane ne-servo motor inertia kangangoko. Kwezinye izicelo, ukungalingani ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10:1 kwanele, kodwa ukulingana kwe-1:1 kulungile. Ukunciphisa iigiya yindlela elungileyo yokusombulula ingxaki yokungalingani kwe-inertia, kuba i-inertia yomthwalo obonisiweyo iwiswa sisikwere somlinganiselo wokudluliselwa, kodwa i-inertia yegiya kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo ekubalweni.